A fun chart

This chart shows the relative gain from being a member of the Federal.  This chart may not be complete, so ignore the absolute number and focus on relative position.  Note, New York, Texas ND California are grouped, in the median.  They constitute some 35% of the economy.  In the long haul, allthings being equal, these three states have tpo break even, among them.  Look at Illinois, the fifth largest getting a raw deal, while Florida hit the bonanza.  Then we have a whole host of the small to  mid-sized states, all being subsidized.  Meeting the quantity and delivery date for all those federal payouts is extra-ordinarily difficult for Congress, especially when interest costs are varying by 100 billion.  A lopt of that variation is tied to state specific conditions, discretinoary spending required.

So a queueing model works, the three large have to shift the gain among them while the Senate works a high variance queue of small states.. What we get is a decoupling of the large, they get out of sequence, and we queue bottleneck, mostly California internal queues get backed up and they are not ready  for their turn paying bills.