Bad theory

Defending Democracies Against Information Attacks

 To better understand influence attacks, we proposed an approach that models democracy itself as an information system and explains how democracies are vulnerable to certain forms of information attacks that autocracies naturally resist. Our model combines ideas from both international security and computer security, avoiding the limitations of both in explaining how influence attacks may damage democracy as a whole.

Schneier is getting nowhere until he can distinguish between a republic and a democracy in his information model. 

We are no a democracy, and our deviation from it shows how the model works.  California aggregates and dispenses information at the state level, Montana does not. The information generator is skewed, the system will cycle. A proportional democracy has the balanced graph, everyone get the same relative noise level.

Basics first, esoteric second.